Affirmative action,is it necessary in the 21st. century Essay

Agreed action,is it important in the 21st. century - Essay Example What's more, despite the fact that they have supported a specific vision of social equity. Shockingly, not all the issues of equivalent open doors at the work environment have been fathomed. For females and minority representatives, governmental policy regarding minorities in society proposes extraordinary chances to be similarly treated and secured (somewhat). During 50 years, governmental policy regarding minorities in society strategies have demonstrated their viability, yet can't annul sexual orientation and racial disparities. Therefore, preparing and advancement exercises as a piece of governmental policy regarding minorities in society are imperative for fruitful authoritative execution. All things considered, there are a few disservices of these approaches. They incorporate low-qualifies fork power and low-individual accomplishments of workers associated with the governmental policy regarding minorities in society programs. To over come these potential dangers the association should lead programming of explicit HR exercises, in light of self-awareness and human capital policies.Organisations play a significant and proceeding with job in the lives of individuals, particularly with the development of enormous scope business associations and the separation of proprietorship from the board. Associations of some structure are a vital piece of a general public and serve numerous significant needs. The choices and activities of the board in associations increasingly affect people, different associations and the network. It is significant, accordingly, to comprehend the job of governmental policy regarding minorities in society and the inescapable impacts which it practices over the conduct of individuals. In the 21st century, the discussion over advantages and disadvantages of governmental policy regarding minorities in society is as yet alive. Warmed conversations concern the job of governmental policy regarding minorities in society in authoritative turn of events and its effect on HR the board. The strategy of governmental policy regarding minorities in society has profound roots. It returns to 1941 when F. Roosevelt energized minority work by requesting resistance contractual workers to stop biased recruiting (Yates, n.d.). Further, this idea was created by Lyndon Johnson in 1965 when he put teeth into minority employing rules for government temporary workers' (Yates, n.d.). The following corrections occurred under the administration of J. Kennedy who presented Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) setting up to explore contractual workers' practices, force sanctions, gather business insights, and guarantee consistence with government guidelines (Yates, n.d.). The need of Affirmative activity was brought about by strength by white guys in American workforce. At the center of the XX century they involved most of administrative positions and a significant number of the more significant manual occupations. The job of ladies was to involves lower-paying positions. Then again, racial minorities discovered extensive boundaries to entering the work advertise at the more lucrative levels. The need of governmental policy regarding minorities in society is as yet an issue of the day, since individuals are separated in numerous parts of our life and work. The choice procedure specifically legitimately separates between individuals so as to extend to the prize of an employment opportunity to one however not the others. Certain types of separation are worthy however others are not, and have been made unlawful. Realities instead of bias, and significant realities as opposed to unimportant realities, are significant rules in figuring out what kind of segregation is worthy. For example, individuals from minority gatherings, females, the in-your-face burdened, people with handicaps, veterans, and people more senior in age than most or who have sexual inclination contrasts. Individuals and gatherings of individuals regularly victimized at work, in special thought, in business maintenance, in recruiting, in administrations and in confirmations (Martinez, 1997). Enactment, deliberate codes

How to Research Free Write Essay Topics

How to Research Free Write Essay TopicsThe trick to writing a successful essay is to choose the best topic for the essay from the large number of available choices. In this article, we will discuss a few easy ways you can research and identify the right topic for your essay.Writing a thesis or the basis of the content of the essay can be chosen with great care. But one key point about doing a research about the topic is that it requires some amount of time, research and a lot of thought. The reason why writing a thesis may require some time to prepare, is that the essay may depend on some specific figures or data, thus one may need to check out if the data and figures are accurate.Essays can be about any subject as long as the topic fits in the syllabus. As soon as you determine the focus of the essay, do some research to get all the facts and figures you need. A list of useful tools that you can use to gather all the needed information should include the Internet and books.The Inter net is the main source of information for students as well as parents and teachers. Search engines help you find free writing tips, reviews and academic writing services online. Once you have searched and found relevant materials, start using them to write the essay.Books are an excellent way to gain research. Some textbooks can be used as research material. Other books can be used as an outline on what should be written in the essay. The only disadvantage with this method is that it requires you to read the entire book before you write the essay.You can also take help from online review sites which can be a source of free to write essay topics. Online review sites give a list of the best essay topics and check out the writing skills of their writers. You can visit these sites to have some idea of the topics available. And since there are lots of sites to choose from, you should spend some time to compare their write up to see which one can give a unique and interesting essay.You ca n use the Internet as well to come up with ideas for the topic of your essay. You can make a poll on various websites for free essay topics or join writing forums where you can get information for free.Writing a thesis or even an outline is the same thing as writing an essay. It is always better to choose the topic first and then write the outline later. If you cannot determine the best topic of your essay, do some research online first and narrow down the choices.

Impact Of Photography On The Art World - 996 Words

Changes in the art world is often looked at in a cautious light, from newer methods of digital media competing with traditional methods of painting and sculpting to the impact of photography entering the art world in a time when painting was a supremacy. To compare and contrast the challenges this introduces, the ideas presented in Aaron Scharf’s Art and Photography, Kirk Varneode’s The Artifice of Canor: Impression and Photography Reconsidered and Ian Dunlop’s Degas best references the aspects, the ideas and the approaches that artists and the art movements have made. Many artists, particularly painters in the time of the introduction of photography were reluctant and despised the idea of using the then modern form while some, such as Degas embraced and found the strangeness of fixed motion to compliment his sensitivity as a painter in the late 1800’s. Scharf’s Art and Photography commented on how Degas described his use of photographic material, writing that Degas ‘loved and appreciated photography at a time when artist despised it or did not dare admit that they made use of it’. This leads to the idea that Degas was seen as an odd figure for his era by being one of the few artist to embrace what photography brought to his practice. Degas used his interest in photography to bring back realism while many painters were dismissing the style and moving forward with the impressionist movement, they liberated themselves from the constraints that realism held to express newShow MoreRelatedPhotography Is The Human Experience1212 Words   |  5 PagesIt is truly amazing to see how far photography has come. With practical cameras only being 1800s when they were extremely large to now where everyone has one in their pocket as part of their phone. To make it even more incredible photos taken now can be shared across the world in the matter of seconds with the simple push of a button. There are even social media applications dedicated to only sharing pictures as a quick glimpse into your life. However, what is truly incredible about a picture isRead MorePhotographic Ima ges Hanging On The Gallery Wall1527 Words   |  7 Pages Chapter Five Photographic Art Images. There are many books, fine art prints, articles in journals and magazines about architectural photography by some excellent photographers, emphasising architecture’s visual strength, design and conceptual quality, without which there would be no challenges for the photographer to attempt to capture in the first instance. Architectural photography has an immense capacity to stimulate the wonder of the man-made world in a virtuoso manner. The intrinsic worthRead MoreJulia Margaret Cameron Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesAt a time when women were looked upon as being homemakers, wives, mothers and such the late 1850s presented a change in pace for one woman in specific. Photography was discovered in 1826 and soon after the phenomenon of photography was being experimented with and in turn brought new and different ways of photo taking not only as documenting real time, but also conceptualizing a scene in which an image would be taken. Julia Margaret Cameron will forever be recorde d in the history books as one ofRead MoreWalter Benjamin The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction1450 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction’: how has the reproduction of images changed the development of art? Identify three works of your choice to support your argument. This essay will start from Walter Benjamin’s consideration about the impact of mechanical reproduction of art as revolutionizing its social function and will describe the noticeable validity of his theory in the contemporary world. By introducing three artworks that belong to different historical periods, namelyRead MoreInvention Of The Camera And How It Revolutionized History1243 Words   |  5 PagesSense the invention of the camera in 1826 photography has been used to document everything from family portraits, social injustice, sporting events, world news, expressions of joy and sorrow, and hundreds of monumental moments. The camera has given man the power to reveal the truth visually. Throughout history photographs have made enormous impacts on social consciousness and ultimately shaped public opinion on many pressing issues in society. Although photography is often considered a casual pastimeRead MoreHistory of Photography Essay822 Words   |  4 PagesThe History of, a nd Impact of, Photography on our World Photography is a process frequently used in areas of media, art, and science as well as practical everyday use. It is used to inform society of different issues, used to document a wide range of things and is used to capture everyday memories for the years to come. It is used everywhere in todays society and through technology has advanced tremendously since its beginnings. The earliest cameras were simple devices that did not captureRead MoreFilm and Movement936 Words   |  4 Pagestechnologies brought with them the ability to freeze and capture for unlimited time a specific moment in time and space. However, these technologies also arose issues surrounding concepts of art and reproduction right along side depiction of reality through certain medium. Walter Benjamin’s essay â€Å"The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction† and Siegfried Kracauer’s, â€Å"Basic Concepts,† in Theory of Film, seek to convey the relationship between film and its ability to capture movement in timeRead MoreWhat is Graphic Design?881 Words   |  4 PagesBillboards, commercials, ads, and even certain products all serve as scapegoats for one of the world’s top growing occupations, Graphic design. Collectively graphic design is the creation of art, with the goal of making an impact on someone in some way. Whether it’s an ad or purely just art, the goal is to appeal to the senses and emotions. An easier way of saying it is creatively creating ways to obtain others interests. Graphic designers have the responsibility of being creative, trying new thingsRead MoreGarry Winogrand: The Godfather of Street Photography Essay1308 Words   |  6 Pagesconsideration of photography as art. This change in the way photography was approached was in large part to photographers such as Garry Winogrand, who turned photography into an art. Winogrand symbolized a new generation of photographers on the rise in the mid-1960s known as â€Å"street photographers.† While each photo is of simple, everyday life, they each contain an individual message and meaning much deeper than what was seen through the lens. His impact is still being felt in photography today and hasRead MoreTalent Not Left Undiscovered : A Great Impact On The Preservation And Conservation Of Nature1243 Words   |  5 PagesLuckily, Ansel Adams wasn’t one of those people. A natural photographer, Adams is most known for his breathtaking landscapes, both in black and white and in color, and his great impact on the preservation and conservation of nature in the United States. Born in San Francisco, California, Adams‘s first real experience with photography took place in 1916 in Yosemite National Park, where his parents took him on vacation (â€Å"Ansel Adams†). He hiked all over the park and fell completely in love with it, as

Globalization Of Financial Markets And The Global Crisis

Globalisation of Financial Markets and the Global Crisis The financial markets are increasingly and highly interconnected, which means that the regulation of the financial services is becoming globalised as well, since most of the bigger firms operate all over the globe, the standardization of the regulation is a very common practice nowadays, making very difficult especially for developing countries keep up with the regulation. The financial crisis of 2008 was one of the most devastating and longest crises the contemporary world has seen, after the crisis a set of reforms, institutions and regulation were created, to avoid this happening again. Financial markets are in need of stronger regulation and higher penalties for infringement, nevertheless the main challenge for most countries is the implementation of the international regulations. The crisis is the result of different factors. This essay will analyse firstly, some of the factors that contribute to globalisation of the markets. Secondly, how these factors led to the financial crisis of 2008 and how the crisis developed. Thirdly, it will analyse the changes made regulation wise in order to try to mitigate the crisis and avoid another crisis of this magnitude. The definition that the QFINANCE Financial Dictionary (2009), gives of markets is â€Å"market for buying and selling financial instruments market in which financial instruments are traded. The financial markets are stock exchanges, commodity exchanges, bondShow MoreRelatedThe World s Economy Was Devastated1732 Words   |  7 Pagesrise to globalization. Globalization is process of integration of the world’s views, products, ideas and culture. As more and more countries began to interact and the barriers of global economy were broken, the effects of one country’s economic problems could affect their trade partners and other markets. This would be most noted in the next financial crisis for which hit the United States hard in 2008. With the United States alone, the crisis saw the stock market drop, the house market sufferRead MoreGlobalization And The Globalization Project1266 Words   |  6 Pagesthis paper you will understand the shift of the development to the globalization project. In doing so you will learn what â€Å"globalization† means as a project and as a process and why it is described as being in crisis. Next you will learn about the financial and farming dimensions of the problems confronting the globalization project. With that you will thirdly learn about how global warming presents multiple challenges to globalization. I will also discuss the emergent â€Å"sustainability project†, withRead MoreIfra Iqbal. April 18, 2016. Globalization 441. Professor1277 Words   |  6 Pages2016 Globalization 441 Professor Garclon Final Exam In this paper you will understand the shift of the development to the globalization project. In doing so you will learn what â€Å"globalization† means as a project and as a process and why it is described as being in crisis. Next you will learn about the financial and farming dimensions of the problems confronting the globalization project. With that you will thirdly learn about how global warming presents multiple challenges to globalization. I willRead MoreFinancial Globalization And The Financial Crisis1274 Words   |  6 Pages The term financial globalization can be defined as the integration of various financial markets of countries across the world. In other terms, it means the mobility of finance across various countries without encountering any barrier. Therefore, financial liberation is not sufficient enough parameter for globalization. Financial globalization advocates for development of a single currency worldwide currency that can be regulated and managed by a s ingle global monetary institution. The first eraRead MoreThe Globalization Of The World Economies Is A Direct Result Of Globalization1309 Words   |  6 PagesOver the past few decades, particularly during the 2000s, financial markets around the globe have become increasingly interconnected (Shmukler, 2004). This mounting integration of the world economies is a direct result of globalization. Particularly, the globalization of financial markets is characterized by substantial cross-national flows of capital and the development of a large foreign exchange market. Every day around the world, banks and stockbrokers transfer vast amounts of money across countryRead MoreAnalysis of â€Å"the Global Financial Crisis: Causes, Effects, Policies and Prospects† Dominick Salvatore, Journal of Politics Society, Columbia University1110 Words   |  5 Pages Analysis of â€Å"The Global Financial Crisis: Causes, Effects, Policies and Prospects† Dominick Salvatore, Journal of Politics Society, Columbia University June 2010 Marija Nikolic December 2012 Global financial crises has brought into focus debate about decisions made by the countries which are leading economic forces, making them to reconsider past living standards and habits. With the aim to examine the causes, effects, policies and prospects for the financial crisis D.Salvatore publishedRead MoreDomestic And Foreign Economic Policy1646 Words   |  7 Pageseffects not only their domestic economy but the global economy. What is the best method for states to approach the global market; should states accept the capitalist free market or utilize different models that are out there? Purpose Statement: The way that states approach the global market is very different from each other. Most of the biggest and successful economies in the world utilize similar economic models when addressing the global market. Their domestic and foreign economic policy is typicallyRead MorePositive and Negative Effect of Globalization744 Words   |  3 PagesTopic: Discuss the positive and negative effects of globalization on the world today. The term globalization is the process of transformation of local phenomena into global ones. It is when different countries start to connect together as a whole, when people around the world are more linked to each other than ever before, when information and money flow more speedily and when goods and services produced in one part of the world are increasingly obtainable in all parts of the world. And it hasRead MoreFinancial Deregulation and Capital Control1283 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Financial deregulation and capital control The financial markets for a long time were regulated following the aftershocks of the global recession which affected several economies across the globe. It was until the 1980s that the federal government passed the Deregulation and Monetary Act which was aimed at providing deregulation for the financial institutions. This gave the banks the flexibility to compete and extend their services at a much easier and faster way in a very competitive market andRead MoreEffects Of New Global Era On The World1283 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of New Global Era In the past 100 years, the world has shifted enormously. Once, a world that only communicated when one nation was trying to take over another, is now connected more than ever. This transformation began with the Industrial Revolution in a period from around 1760 to 1840. Thinking back to that time, we can easily think of noticeable differences between how the world was and how it is today. The United States was a small, developing country, still trying to overcome the effects

Essay on The Evolution of Human Mating - 937 Words

The Evolution of Human Mating It may seem obvious to some why people mate, however there are many facets to human mating. Psychology has shown that reasons for mating have gone beyond the scope of love and physical attractiveness. People may search for mates who resemble archetypical images of the opposite-sex parent, mates with characteristics that are either complementary or similar to ones own qualities, or mates with whom to make an exchange of valuable resources (Buss 238). Although these theories play a key role in understanding patterns in human mating preferences, evolutionary psychology and sexual selection theory provide more concrete frameworks for explaining human mating. Evolutionary framework for human mating is†¦show more content†¦Consequently, in short term relationships it has become an active part of a mans repertoire. One strategy that has evolved as a result of this problem is for males to lower their standards in looking for an acceptable mate. Such standards include age, intel ligence, personality traits, and status (whether or not she is involved in another relationship). Another strategy that has evolved is to limit the time it takes to seek sexual intercourse from a woman. More time spent on seeking sexual involvement from one female, the less time that can be spent on making another effort for sexual intercourse from another. Men prefer to spend the least time, energy, and resources in making a short-term relationship successful. It is for this reason that they look for sexual accessibility. A mans strategy for solving the problem of sexual accessibility is to look for sexual experienced women. Often men concur promiscuity to be one sign of experience. They steer away from women who seem prude, conservative, or have a low sex drive. Fertility and reproductive value are high on the list of important qualities in a short-term mate. Fertility is the probability of present reproduction. Reproductive value refers to expected future reproduction. Therefore, a younger women would have higher reproductive value that an older female because her reproductive future is longer whereas the older women has a higher fertility value than theShow MoreRelatedSex at Down976 Words   |  4 Pageswere exchanged for a woman’s fertility and fidelity. In this groundbreaking book, however, Christopher Ryan and Cacilda Jethà ¡ argue that human beings evolved in egalitarian groups that shared food, child care, and, often, sexual partners. Weaving together evidence from anthropology, archaeology, anatomy, and psychosexuality, the author’s show how far from human nature monogamy really is. Reading the book I understand that Ryan and Jethà ¡ try to explain how our promiscuous past clashes with our contemporaryRead MoreThe Strategies Of Finding A Mate1018 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle with a brief look at the history of mating and the theories that have previously been proposed. In particular he addressed Charles Darwin’s theory of sexual evolution and belief in preferential mate choice. Buss proposes that there are three components to human mating. He states that â€Å"human mating is inherently strategic†¦ mating strategies are context-dependent†¦ [and that] men and women have faced different mating problems over the course of human evolution and, as a consequence, have evolved differentRead MoreIts Always Sunny Essay1280 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ It’s Always Sunny Demonstrates Evolutionary Theories All behavioral human traits are reflective of interactions between genes the environment which is described through the study of evolution and human behavior. One example of this is how a person’s adult height is shaped by their inherited genes, and also the nutrition they received as a child. The show It’s Always Sunny in Philadelphia demonstrates how humans interact with, and are affected by their environment. It’s Always Sunny in Philadelphia’sRead MoreEvolution Of Evolutionary Psychology And Culture1151 Words   |  5 PagesIn his article, Sadd (2012) explains the relationship of evolutionary psychology and culture, particularly regarding popular culture. He argues the theory of evolution is widely applicable in multiple disciplines. While evolution theory is essentially biological in nature, it can also give us insight to our culture, society and human behaviours. According to Sadd, recurrent themes in cultural forms could be explained by evolutionary psychology. He uses example of song lyrics and collective wisdomRead MoreMate Choice And Species Recognition Amongst D. Simulans1705 Words   |  7 Pagesmauritiana Brittany Wordekemper February 23, 2016 Ecology and Evolution Lab Emily Hudson Abstract Sexual selection is a kind of natural selection that happened to come about through a specific preference by one sex for definite characteristics in individuals of the opposite sex. When it comes to choosing a mate, mate choice is very important for individuals to avoid mating with the wrong species but it also operates within a species as well. The species used for thisRead MoreKim Kardashians Of The Wild1452 Words   |  6 PagesKim Kardashians of the wild? Exaggerated sexual swellings in non-human primates: mechanisms and functions Oedemas of sexual tissue with extracellular water retention and swellings of the skin of the circumanal, subcaudal and paracallosal regions (Krohn Zuckermann, 1937; Dixson, 1998a) are observed in many species of non-human primates, baboons being famous for their large bright behinds. We know that this engorged feature has evolved independently 5 times as different tissue areas are involvedRead MoreCompare And Contrast Evolution And Artificial Selection1396 Words   |  6 PagesLivan Martell PID: 4635791 PCB 3043 10/05/2017 Weekly Assignment: 4 October 2017 1) Compare and contrast evolution by artificial selection and natural selection. (Ch. 7) Natural selection is an essential process of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin and generally accepted by the scientific community as the best explanation for the adaptation and specialization of organisms. Artificial selection is a technique of reproductive control by which man alters the genes of domestic or cultivated organismsRead MoreThe Hot, Sandy Desert1447 Words   |  6 Pagesresting when it has found a suitable oasis. The majority of activity the Fire baboon participates in is similar to any of its species, often in action for food or mating related activity. When mating season approaches, the scorching temperatures of the Sahara Desert greatly affects the mating habits of the species. The Fire baboon’s mating rituals are done during the night due to their increase in energy underneath the coolness of the night. Compared to its close relative the Papio anubis, the FireRead MoreThe Origin Of Species Revolutionized The Way That Changed Through Time With Natural Selection And Divergence Of Geographical Isolation1624 Words   |  7 PagesThe theory of evolution in itself is an evolution. The way humans understand how life came to exist and how it has changed along the way reflects the different socio economic environments we have created. For any scientist, previous theory’s and ideas from historians or other scholars are used in part to form the basis of understanding of new information (Klyve, D. k. 2014). The understanding of evolution as we see it today comes from many areas of the world amid varying time periods. The most famousRead MoreThe Evolution Of Primates859 Words   |  4 Pagesresearch conducted by Canadian experts at the University of Lethbridge suggests that new behavioral trends are manifesting among primates, which has interesting implications about how the behavior of all animals undergoes its own sort of evolution, including that of human beings. The study shows apparent sex acts on the parts of female, Japanese macaques on sika deer. These acts of interspecies relations were observed in Minoh, Osaka—a city in central Japan. As uncommony documented as interspecies relations

Asian Financial Crisis free essay sample

An analysis of the Asian Financial and Currency crisis that hit the economies of the South East Asian countries in the summer of 1997. This paper is about what came to be known as the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997-98, which hit Thailand in July 1997, soon engulfed most of the countries in the region and at one time threatened to spread the world over. It traces the history and background of the crisis, the reasons why it happened, the effects it has had socially, politically and economically. The paper also covers the approaches adopted by the countries involved, and the international financial institutions to overcome the crisis and the lessons that need to be learnt from it. The focus of the paper is on the business and economic aspects of the crisis and only briefly covers its cultural, social, and political ramifications. The next country to be affected by the Thai contagion was Philippines. We will write a custom essay sample on Asian Financial Crisis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Its central bank tried to support its currency by increasing the interest rates overnight. The Thai finance minister who was against devaluing the countrys currency resigned on June 19. The Thai prime minister continued to declare that his country would never devalue the baht as late as June 30. But things had already gone out of hand as the Thailands central bank had limited reserves of dollars and soon ran out of them in trying to defend the bath. The Bank of Thailand was forced to announce a managed float of the currency on July 2 with an SOS to IMF for help. This resulted in a sudden devaluation of baht to record lows against the dollar and the start of the currency crisis in East Asia was well and truly underway.

For this assignment I should l... free essay sample

For this assignment I should like to provide a fictional case study, portraying the counselling of a client who is dealing with issues related to fear and sadness, I will then consider how the clients problems could be caused by the sociocultural climate within which they are surrounded. The case study will be focusing upon issues such as culture, gender, race and sexuality, looking at the usefulness of recognising the importance of sociocultural issues when considering an individuals distress, with culture, sexuality and race being the main focus of the study. I will be using a person-centred approach as my counselling technique, as this is considered to be a more open-minded approach, relating sociocultural issues to the client.Approaches to counselling are constantly evolving as therapists continue to try and help their clients resolve issues that are causing distress. While fear and sadness are said to be naturally occurring human emotions that form part of life, society has be come aware of the negative side effects of stress, and clients are either encouraged or feel compelled to seek out help before their lives are completely consumed by these issues, which may then cause a severe decline in their mental health. We will write a custom essay sample on For this assignment I should l or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My study is based upon a gay, 28-year-old woman of mixed race, who suffers attacks of anxiety when in the company of men, the result of a domineering and intimidating father and verbal abuse from strangers, regarding her sexuality.Bethan is 28 years old, of mixed race from the south east of England, currently living in London, having moved 8 years earlier when she was offered a job with a well-known firm. She has referred herself for counselling in order to seek help with her anxiety issues.Bethan informed me that she is from a working class background but when she moved to London she started to live a very middle class lifestyle, something she felt very uncomfortable with, Bethan explained to me that after 5 years of living this way, she realised that she was gay, resulting in her no longer seeing a casual boyfriend and leaving her job so that she could start a new life within the gay community. Bethan tells me that her parents, Mother Jamaican, Father English, are supportive of he r decisions, neither Bethan nor her parents follow any religion.Bethans father is an intimidating, controlling and dominant man and she now suffers verbal and at times physical abuse from males, she feels this is because she is gay. Her father has always dominated the family, intimidating her mother most of all, because of her fathers treatment towards her mother Bethan became her mothers carer and protector, offering love, reassurance and emotional support through the difficult times, this support was never reciprocated and has left Bethan feeling vulnerable and frightened, She says that in general, her fear of males is vast and she believes the lifestyle that she is now living is causing the fear to be increased, because most of the abuse now suffered is from, males. Bethan also tells me that she also feels out of place within the gay community, due to her being of mixed race, growing up she was always rejected by black and white people because she didnt fit in completely, and now that she is a mixed race lesbian, she feels she is being rejected twice.In todays society we have hierarchical views regarding sexuality, gender status and class, Being normal consists of being heterosexual, white, able bodied etc We dont often see that aspect of our identity, but in other groups we may be all too aware of it ( Barker, M. 2010 pg.214)It has been argued by multicultural and LGBT affirmative therapists, these norms are present in mainstream psychotherapy, As we are aware, the majority of todays psychotherapy approaches have come from the western world and the minds of heterosexual men, Barker questions, Can counselling therapies and practices be usefully applied to people outside these groups without reinforcing the notion that that their members are le sser or problematic ? (Barker, M. 2010 pg. 215) In response, we could argue that the therapists and counsellors of today are just that, of today.However, Barker also states that, in todays society, the majority of counsellors are white, heterosexual women, as is the bulk of the clientele, With this in mind, how easy can it be for other people to access counselling ? or to even experience it without power differences between counsellor and client being exacerbated in ways that would be extremely unhelpful ?Ours is a modern world and we are fully aware of many of the sociocultural aspects which accompany it, we are all individuals, but when attempting to treat clients as nothing but, the experience of being an individual can become lost. Some more traditional approaches to therapy have been criticised by multicultural and LGBT affirmative therapists for their stances – It is said that they regularly fail to see how important culture, gender and sexuality are. (Barker, M. 2010 pg. 212)An industry, psychotherapy and counselling are evolving, moving with the times, keeping everything relevant for all clients, in order that therapists are not seen as useless However many available counsellors still subscribe to the original ideals, meaning that multicultural and LGBT style therapists are not so readily available and these clients feel a though their needs are not being met.This being illustrated when a lesbian is asked about her sexuality when a heterosexual woman wouldnt be, or when a white man looks at himself in a mirror, he doesnt see a white man, just a man. Whereas a black man will see black because he believes that this makes him different, we could argue that if he chooses to focus on the fact that he is black, then he is choosing to feel different, this leads us to think that if they focused elsewhere, then theyre skin colour would not be an issue.Unfortunately, Bethans skin colour was point of focus for her, being of mixed race she wasnt accepted by either ethnic group, making life lonely and scary for her. In Laudets (2005) study, Barker discovers many links between depression and people of mixed race – It was found that there was little support or guidance for them growing up, which left them feeling not good (Barker, M. 2010 pg.219)I feel it would be difficult for people of mixed race to open up to others about their problems, however loving and caring their parents might be, they couldnt fully understand, as they themselves might not be mixed race. As Barker indicates, it is vital that as counsellors we react upon assumptions and beliefs held about culture, race and class etc so that we may approach with an awareness of what we bring, personally, and how people of all cultures and identities should be treated – When a client is the minority within our society, it is imperative that we try to have an understanding of how this has an impact on them, as it would be related to their experience of fear and sadness (Barker, M. 2010 pg.212)If I were Bethans counsellor, I w ould do my very best to ensure that she felt as comfortable as possible inn the therapy room. I would, at first, attempt to build a rapport with Bethan, in the hopes that I would gain her trust. I would suggest two to three one to one therapy sessions with myself in order for me to understand clearly, the cause of her distress and then if she were willing, gradually introduce her to group sessions, starting with fellow females from minority groups and then, slowly introducing males to the group, all of whom would be of various cultures and identities each with issues of their own. I would suggest to Bethan that she spend eighteen months, dividing her time between the group therapy sessions and one to one progress meetings with myself.Bethan wanted to avoid traditional therapies, so, I felt she would benefit from a person-centred approach. The humanistic approaches to counselling draw upon the values and ideas of humanistic psychology also known as the third force in psychology because it emerged as a reaction against the mechanistic, reductionist and determinist theories of the two prevailing psychologies in the mid-twentieth century, behaviourism and psychoanalysis (Bark er, M. 2010 pg.103)While working with Bethan I would be thoughtful and kind, hoping she would see my willingness to grow and learn with her as well as to help relieve herself of her distress. As Bethan came to me with multiple issues, her father, being mixed race and now being gay, I would encourage her to start at the point she feels is the most significant to her. Bethan makes a point of telling me that she has always felt unaccepted because she is mixed race, Rogers argues that humans have a basic need for approval (Barker, M. 2010 pg.109) Bethan feels neglected and isolated because she was denied this need.Bethan is confused about her feelings and suffers from a very low self-esteem, she keeps her hair cut very short and wears trousers most of the time. Bethan tells me that she is often mistaken as a male, which she does not mind. She knows that she is female and does not want to change her gender, however, since joining the gay community she feels as though she is being forced to behave in a more masculine way. As Bethans counsellor I feel that having a masculine persona helps her to feel safer and more in control, I believe her early experiences with males, namely her father, has taught Bethan that in order to have control you need to be, or at least behave, male. This assignment consisted of a fictional case study, detailing how a gay 28 year old mixed race female has been affected by issues concerning her race, sexuality and gender, also the issues caused by her family and community. I chose a person-centred approach for Bethan because she has spent her life under one label or another and I felt that a person-centred approach would offer a refreshing and positive change for her, with its label free approach. For people in similar situations as Bethan, sociocultural issues often relate to personal issues and in this case study I have looked at how to maintain an awareness of the clients issues, as well as how the client is affected by these issues. I have shown how I, as Bethans counsellor would work through these issues with her and have explained why I think therapy, including group sessions would help her.The ability to be able to recognise diversity and to be sensitive to cultural differences is a very important tool for effective and meaningful counselling. The necessity of this becomes obvious when there are cultural differences between counsellor and client. As counsellors we should assess our own views of the world and our awareness of different cultures before trying to help others. We can not begin to help people like Bethan unless we first accept and understand our own cultural differences.